Resistances by Components and Augments

Hi to all, and welcome! In this guide I will show you which resistances are given by components and augments - useful especially if you need to fix the resistances for your equipment for Elite / Ultimate difficulties.
Before beginning, I think it's a good idea to explain how the components and the augments works in Grim Dawn: these two types of items act like a "power-up" that can be added to the equipment - they give stats, resistances, even abilities. Each piece of equipment can have only ONE component and only ONE augmentation. The rarity of the equipment is not important, you can have components and augments even on Legendary items.There are, however, some restrictions: each component and augmentation can only be used to certain items - for example, the component "Polished Emerald" can only be insert inside shields, caster off-hands, rings, head armors and chest armors. For the augments the restrictions are simpler: some can be used only in rings and amulets, some only in one-handed weapons, shields and caster off-hands, some only in two-handed weapons (these are "potent" versions of the previous ones), and some in the armor pieces (all of them).
The components can be obtained by "normal" loot (killing enemies, opening boxes, etc.), at the vendors, as bounties and quests rewards, by dismantling items and by craft, but there are some restrictions: some components, for example, can only be obtained by crafting or dismantling. The aguments, instead, can ONLY be obtained thanks to the faction system: a Revered status is required for each armor augmentation.
My guide is divided into sections - each section refer to a specific resistance and show which components and auguments can provide it. For each component / augumentation It's specified the value of the resistance given, if they provide other additional resistances, where they can be used and which other stats they give (if applicable). For the augments is specified also which faction sells them and what status is required to get them, while for the components I will specify some notes on how to get them, if required.
For the components, please note that I will consider only the COMPLETE version (no partial). Also, I will not consider components or augments that give only resistances to pets.

This guide is updated up to version 1.0.0.9.

- (12/02/2017): with the release of the new 1.0.0.8 version, the guide was updated with the changes made to the resistances given by components and augments. Complete changelog:

• Purified Salt, Imbued Silver -> the aura is now a self buffs, and specifically grants its bonus also to pets. They also reduced the bonus to the maximum resistance to 3% (from 5%)
  
• Aether Souls -> the Ather resistance is increased to 16 (from 10)
  
• Black Tallow -> the Chaos resistance is increased to 16 (from 12)
  
• Prismatic Diamond -> the most important one, because now Prismatic Diamond DON'T give Elemental resistance anymore, but Vitality. Also the Prismatic Rage now absord 130 Damage and the recharge was reduced to 25 seconds (from 30)
  
• Resilient Plating -> the Pierce resistance is increased to 15 (from 10), the Defensive ability is increased to 26 (from 14)
  
• Soul Shard -> the Vitality resistance is increased to 10 (from 6)