The Guide to Guides

The Newbie to Cluebie guide, written by /u/ShadowDragon8685 over on r/sto is a collection of guides for new players. Covered content includes the basics of understanding the stats on your gear, how bridge officers work, how to mess with hotbars and keybinds, as well as other game mechanics you will encounter when levelling your first character, that the game barely explains if at all.
At the time of writing there's a phoenix box giveaway, so I thought it best to include /u/ThonOfAndoria's list of what you should be picking up from it. Don't worry about not getting epic tokens, they're rare, frankly the upgrades alone are a plenty worthwhile booby prize. This one may need updating, if it's horrifically old then let me know and I'll badger Thon.
The sto Wiki is a fantastic source of information that will likely answer many questions. Being player maintained, it will always benefit from another editor helping out.
This /r/sto thread contains a great many solutions to puzzles throughout the game. These can be frustrating even to veteran players going back and levelling alts after a break. Bare in mind many of these will also be on their missions wiki page if you can't find what you're looking for.

/u/Sizer7141's guide to directed energy weapons is rather blunt, but is the foundations of building most ships. Directed Energy Weapons (or DEW) covers the various flavours of beams and cannons. As the guide states, the general building advice given here is applicable to the majority of DEW builds.
This subreddit has gone private due to inactivity, please refer to science in the current century
Another build from Sizer, this one focusing on space magic, that is, science builds, also known as EPG (exotic particle generator) builds. These don't deal damage from the weapons primarily, rather their consoles and bridge officer abilities.
Time for a new author. This one is from /u/Rangerrenze. This guide covers everything you need to know about building to deal kinetic damage. These builds mostly rely on torpedoes, something many do simply for the aesthetic - be aware unless you're doing this right, torps are generally under-powered - but done correctly, well, a torpboat has the DPS record at the time of writing.

Beam,[www.sto-league.com] Cannon,[www.sto-league.com] Support, [www.sto-league.com] Science Ships,[www.sto-league.com] and Torpedo Boats[www.sto-league.com] in the Current Century

A group of guides written by the guys over at the DPS league. They know their stuff inside out, and these builds cater to a range of budgets, and for every major build type.

a guide from /u/Fddeeelmmmnnmmt. This guide is less about the specific gear your BOFFs (bridge officers) should be carrying, but more about how to make them effectively support you the player during ground content. You should not be relying on your BOFFs to deal significant damage.
"but Ezri" I hear, "however will I afford this stuff". Look no further, as Sizer has you covered once again. Admiralty can be a great source of energy credits and dilithium. More characters on your account will increase profits each day, however will take more of your time. Always be wary of whether the amount your are earning is worth your time, or if you'd rather inject some cash into the game. It can be a fine line.

A Youtube video this time from Goudeyman, giving tips and info on the First Contact Day event. The First Contact Day event takes place in April. There's a few guides for this one as there's a lot to see and collect. Here's a few more Goudeyman vids, a guide, a reward overview and a visual reference.

For those who prefer a text post, here's[startrek.44thfleet.com] the guide on the Summer event from BreakingForce of 44th Fleet.

Another one from Goudeyman, covering the Halloween event, aka The Fall of the Old Ones. Covers info on the patrols and TFO that compose the event. For Q Junior's Winter Wonderland, there's a set of videos from Goudeyman and an article from BreakingForce[startrek.44thfleet.com].

if you know any more guides as packed with information as these, or feel like there's critical information missing? Please don't be afraid to let me know! Either here or on the stowiki discord [discord.gg] (I'm adm_ezri over there - and I must credit sfc and mara for the original compiling of good quality guides). There's also the /r/sto discord[discord.gg], myself and many of the authors are on both of these community run sto discord servers, and will be happy to answer any questions sent our way.

(Please do not attempt to DM myself or any of the authors without prior permission)