Total War: Rome II Achievement REFERENCES

Total War: Rome II Achievement References aims to deduce both historical and modern references made by the achievements. If I missed anything, let me know and I'll update the list. (I'm a pretty mediocre ancient historian)

For each achievement I will state its description and possible references. The achievements are listed in default order (i.e as they appear when you first buy the game and view the achievements) and are sectioned by DLC and updates*, with the exception of "Disaster Averted", "This Army Will Fight On", and "Masters of Germania", which are grouped together due to similarity.

Achievements references related to the Empire Divided DLC are left blank as I have no experience with it or the relevant time period, if you know any references help point them out.

*Sectioned according to this list[steamhunters.com].

Siege!
Successfully siege and capture a city by seizing its victory points during a campaign battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Champion of the Gods
Attain the maximum rank with a champion-type agent during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Noble Master
Attain the maximum rank with a dignitary-type agent during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Legendary Commander
Attain the maximum rank with a general / admiral during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Spymaster
Attain the maximum rank with a spy-type agent during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Veteranus
Attain the maximum rank with any unit during a campaign.

Veteranus is Latin for Veteran (adjective), suitable for describing a unit that has reached the highest rank.

Conqueror
Capture 30 settlements.

This achievement has no serious references.

Supremacy
Destroy or subjugate a faction.

This achievement has no serious references.

Rome Wasn't Built in a Day
Fully expand and upgrade a province capital.

Refers to the English saying "Rome wasn't built in a day", which emphasizes that impressive things cannot be accomplished in a short period of time. Useful for describing the in-game process of fully expanding and upgrading provincial capitals, which take many turns (growing populations and upgrading buildings take quite a few turns).

The Great Library
Research all available technologies in a single campaign.

Most likely refers to the Great Library of Alexandria, which was one of the largest libraries of the ancient world and helped Alexandria to be known as the capital of knowledge. Useful for describing the in-game process of technology research, which is assumed to require a lot of intellect and knowledge.

The Die is Cast
Become involved in a civil war.

Any person who has read up on Roman history will know this one. "The die is cast" was a phrase famously said by Gaius Julius Caesar before he crossed the Rubicon and marched on Rome, thereby plunging Rome into a civil war.

in the Footsteps of Great Men
Complete a campaign chapter's primary objective and all associated historical objectives.

This achievement has no serious references.

When in Rome...
Win a campaign by cultural victory.

Refers to the English saying "When in Rome, do as the Romans do", which means to follow local customs when visiting a foreign land. Useful for describing the requirements of a cultural victory, one of which is to hold a required number of settlements in which your culture is dominant.

Beyond the Dreams of Avarice
Win a campaign by economic victory.

"Avarice" refers to an excessive desire for wealth. To be "rich beyond the dreams of avarice" means to be wealthier than even someone who has an excessive desire for such wealth. Useful for describing the requirements of an economic victory, one of which is to have an income of at least 90,000 talents per turn. For comparison, as the Roman House of Junia, which receives 30% more income for agricultural buildings, players begin a Grand Campaign with no more than 3500 talents at the maximum tax rate.

I Came, I Saw, I Conquered
Win a campaign by military victory.

"I came, I saw, I conquered" (Latin: "Veni, vidi, vici") is a phrase famously said by Gaius Julius Caesar following his rapid campaign against Pharnaces II of Pontus. While it is not fitting of the nature of a military victory (or any victory), which is anything but a rapid campaign, it is a nice historical reference while having some idea of conquest.

Imperator
Win a campaign on legendary difficulty.

"Imperator" was originally a term to describe a person who commands, and lent itself to the English word "Emperor" despite their difference in meaning. It could loosely describe the difficulty and feeling of power players get when completing legendary campaigns.

This is Total War!
Win the game having declared war on every faction the turn you encountered them, as well as never negotiating a peace treaty.

This achievement has no serious references.

Their Legacy Lives On
Win a campaign whilst fielding an army or fleet that has existed continuously since the start of your campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Tempus Fugit
Play 20 campaign turns.

"Tempus Fugit" (time flies) is an expression that points out the rapid passage of time, useful for describing how quickly 20 years pass (a campaign turn usually represents one year).

The Lost Eagle
Defeat someone who already has this achievement in any multiplayer battle.

This could possibly be a reference to Roman eagle standards being lost in battle and never being recovered, though it is difficult to draw comparisons between that and the achievement's requirement.

Bloodthirsty
Kill 10,000 men in battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Butcher
Kill 100,000 men in battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Gore-drenched
Kill 1,000,000 men in battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Legatus Legionus
Win 50 land battles during campaign play.

"Legatus legionis" means "Legate of (a/the) legion" and is the rank held by commanders of a legion. Useful for describing a player's command of armies during campaign play.

Praefectus Classis
Win 50 naval battles during campaign play.

"Praefectus Classis" means "Fleet commander" and could be used to describe a player's command of navies during campaign play.

Walled Crown
Win 25 siege attack battles during campaign play.

This achievement has no serious references.

Crown of the Preserver
Win 25 siege defence battles during campaign play.

This achievement has no serious references.

Wipe Them Out... All of Them!
Win a campaign battle having completely wiped out all enemy units, a minimum of 1000 men, before claiming victory.

This achievement has no serious references.

Slave-driver
Enslave 1000 battle-captives.

This achievement has no serious references.

Executioner
Execute 1000 battle captives.

This achievement has no serious references.

Liberator
Release 1000 battle captives.

This achievement has no serious references.

Vae Victis
Sack the city of Rome as a barbarian tribe in the Grand Campaign.

Anyone who has read up on Roman history will know about "Vae victis" (English: "Woe to the vanquished") and the Sack of Rome by the Senones, a Gallic tribe led by Brennus, in 387 BC. It is believed that when the Romans were negotiating payment with Brennus, they complained about the extortionate amount of tribute demanded. Brennus famously replied "Vae victis", and threw his blade onto the scales, such that the Romans had to give up more tribute to match the weights on the scales. This achievement tasks the player with essentially recreating Brennus' sack of Rome with any barbarian tribe.

I Will Find a Way or Make One
As Carthage, recruit a unit of elephants.

"I will find a way or make one" (Latin: "Aut viam inveniam aut faciam") is a phrase believed to be said by the Carthaginian Hannibal Barca after his generals told him that crossing the Alps with elephants would be impossible. This theme of elephants carries on in the requirement of recruiting a unit of elephants as Carthage.

Status Quo
Achieve victory with any faction without getting involved in a secession or a civil war.

This achievement has no serious references.

A League of Their Own
As Macedon, establish Athens, Epirus and Sparta as client states.

This could possibly be a reference to the Peloponnesian War, fought mainly between Athens and Sparta. During the Peloponnesian War, the two sides fought alongside their respective allies (Athens led the Delian League while Sparta led the Peloponnesian League). This achievement could be humouring the idea of forcing the Greek states into a league led by Macedon.

Field Commander
Win a quickmatch land multiplayer battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Primus Inter Pares
Win a multiplayer campaign.

"Primus Inter Pares" translates as "first among equals" and can describe the requirement of being the first to achieve victory in a multiplayer campaign.

Antagonist
Start at least 5 multiplayer campaigns.

This achievement has no serious references.

Tactician
Play at least 10 multiplayer battles.

This achievement has no serious references.

Master Tactician
Play at least 50 multiplayer battles.

This achievement has no serious references.

Strategist
Complete a campaign on Hard difficulty.

This achievement has no serious references.

Et tu...?
Successfully assassinate a member of your own family faction.

"Et tu, Brute?" (English: "And you, Brutus?") was a phrase believed to be uttered by Gaius Julius Caesar during his assassination, as Brutus stood over him to deal the final blow. Marcus Junius Brutus was Caesar's nephew, and following his capture at the Battle of Pharsalus, he was issued a full pardon by Caesar and soon became the governor of Cisalpine Gaul. Caesar trusted Brutus, and hence was shocked by his betrayal during the Ides of March, the date of Caesar's assassination. This belief was popularised by Shakespeare's play and is likely an invention.

Vercingetorix
Complete a campaign as the Arverni.

Vercingetorix was a chieftain of the Gallic Arverni tribe most famously known for uniting the Gauls in his uprising against Gaius Julius Caesar during his conquest of Gaul.

The New Hannibal
Complete a campaign as Carthage.

Hannibal Barca was a Carthaginian general best known for his involvement in the Punic Wars and his stunning victories over the Romans before finally being defeated at the Battle of Zama.

Pharaoh of the World
Complete a campaign as Egypt.

"Pharaoh" is a term that refers to the rulers of ancient Egypt.

British Empire
Complete a campaign as the Iceni.

The Iceni were a Celtic tribe located in Britain, hence "British Empire".

Alexander's Legacy
Complete a campaign as Macedon.

Pella, Macedonia, was the birthplace of Alexander III, also known as Alexander the Great and Alexander III of Macedon.

The new Xerxes
Complete a campaign as Parthia.

Xerxes I was a Persian king of the Achaemenid Empire; Persia and Parthia were very closely ethnically related.

Roma Invicta
Complete a campaign as Rome.

"Rome Invicta" is a famous saying that means "Unconquered Rome".

Furor Germanicus
Complete a campaign as the Suebi.

"Furor Germanicus" means German rage/fury. The Suebi were a Germanic tribe who were, like other Germanic tribes, believed to be extremely warlike, hence "German Fury".

Heir of Mithridates
Complete a campaign as Pontus.

Mithridates VI Eupator, also known as Mithridates the Great, was a king of Pontus and is considered the greatest ruler of the Kingdom of Pontus.

This is Sparta!
Complete a campaign as Sparta.

This is a reference to the popular quote "This is Sparta!" by Spartan king Leonidas I (played by Gerard Butler) from the movie "300".

Heir of Pyrrhus
Complete a campaign as Epirus.

Pyrrhus was a famous king of Epirus. His costly victories against Rome and his name are the roots of the term "Pyrrhic victory".

Philosopher King
Complete a campaign as Athens.

Athens was known for its focus on knowledge and education, more so than other Greek states, and was home to many Greek philosophers.

Auxilia
Complete 1 hour of gameplay.

The auxilia were non-citizen soldiers of Rome that were often overlooked and overshadowed by their legionary counterparts. This could reflect the small amount of playtime being easily overshadowed by players with more playtime.

Veteran
Complete 10 hours of gameplay.

This achievement has no serious references.

Evocatus
Complete 100 hours of gameplay.

An evocatus was a legionary who voluntarily rejoins the army following his service term and discharge. This could reflect the player having more experience in the game through his long "service" (playtime).

Augustus!
Complete 500 hours of gameplay.

Augustus was a title bestowed upon emperors of Rome.

God of War!
Complete 1000 hours of gameplay.

This achievement has no serious references.

Quaestor
Complete the Prologue campaign.

Quaestors were elected officials who served administrative and logistical duties and was the first step in the cursus honorum (Course of honour). It could be a possible nod to the player taking the first step into the game by completing the "tutorial" campaign.

Praetor
Issue 10 edicts in a single campaign.

Praetors who had completed a year of service usually went on to become provincial governors. And it is known in the game (via event messages) that province governors (in this case the praetors) would be the ones carrying out edicts that you issue.

Censor
Accumulate 1,000,000 talents in your treasury during a single campaign.

Censors of Rome were public officials who maintained the Roman census and oversaw the government's finances. This theme of financial management is observed in the requirement of accumulating 1,000,000 talents in the treasury.

Pontifex Maximus
Construct a Pantheon during a Roman campaign.

The Pontifex Maximus was the highest ranking religious official in Rome. The achievement could reference the Pantheon being the highest-tier religious building being similar to the Pontifex Maximus being the highest ranking religious official.

Consul
Play 100 campaign turns

During wartime, consuls held the highest military command and were the ones leading Rome's armies on campaign.

Empire-builder
Capture 3 settlements.

This achievement has no serious references.

Carthage Must Be Destroyed
Win the Siege of Carthage of normal difficulty or higher.

This is a reference to the Siege of Carthage during the Third Punic War between Rome and Carthage, after which the city of Carthage was razed and destroyed.

The Alexandrine War
Win the Battle of the Nile on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of the Nile was a battle fought between the combined forces of Gaius Julius Caesar and those of King Ptolemy XIII and was part of Caesar's unintended involvements in the dynastic struggle in Alexandria, Egypt, during the Great Roman Civil War.

Reclaiming the Desert
Win the battle of Raphia on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of Raphia took place between Ptolemy IV Philopator of Ptolemaic Egypt and Antiochus III of the Seleucid Empire during the Syrian Wars.

Disaster Averted / This Army Will Fight On / Masters of Germania
Recover at least one / at least two / all three legionary eagles from Teutoburg Forest on normal difficulty or higher.

All three achievements are references to the Battle of Teutoburg Forest, also known as the Varian Disaster, during which the 17th, 18th, and 19th Legions, led by Publius Quinctilius Varus, were ambushed and annihilated, and their eagle standards lost. The legion numbers XVII, XVIII, and XIX (17, 18, and 19), were never used again following the defeat.

The Boat that Rocked
Successfully breach a wall using naval artillery in any battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Great Balls of Fire
Field a ballista or large onager artillery unit in a siege battle during a campaign game.

This achievement has no serious references.

Unleash Hades!
Kill 200 men with siege artillery in any single battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Sightseeing
Successfully capture one of the great cities of the ancient world, Rome, Athens, Carthage, or Alexandria, in battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Grand Tour
Successfully capture all of the great cities of the ancient world, Rome, Athens, Carthage, and Alexandria, in battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Weapons of Mass Destruction
Kill 5000 men in battle with siege artillery during the course of a campaign game.

This achievement has no serious references.

Impenetrable Wall
Successfully defend a city without losing a single victory point during a campaign battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Ambush!
Successfully ambush and defeat an enemy army in a campaign battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Surprise!
Successfully defeat the enemy army when ambushed during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

The Great Escape
Successfully escape from a campaign ambush battle with at least 75% of your starting units.

This achievement has no serious references.

Seize the Initiative!
Attack an encampment and win without losing more than 15% of your starting force.

This achievement has no serious references.

Hold Your Ground!
Successfully defend an encampment, during a campaign, without losing more than 10% of your starting force.

This achievement has no serious references.

Look to the Defences
Successfully defend an encampment, during a campaign, without losing more than 25% of your starting force.

This achievement has no serious references.

In the Navy!
Fight a battle with naval units in any campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

On Land & Sea
Fight a combined battle during a campaign using both land and naval forces.

This achievement has no serious references.

Dock of the Bay
Fight a combined land and naval siege battle during a campaign.

This achievement has no serious references.

Rostra
Sink more than 10 enemy ships in a single campaign battle.

The Rostrum (plural Rostra) was a typically bronze ram that adorned the front of a ship. It was used for ramming attacks against other ships in order to sink them.

First Time Lucky
Use at least 1 special ability during a campaign battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

The Power of Three
Use at least 3 different special abilities during a campaign battle.

This achievement has no serious references.

Veni, Vidi, Vici!
Complete an entire campaign, winning every battle, without auto-resolving.

See "I Came, I Saw, I Conquered" in Part I.

Close but No Amphora
Complete an entire campaign, winning every battle except one, without auto-resolving.

This achievement has no serious references.

Every Day I'm not Auto-resolving
Complete an entire campaign, with 10 or fewer defeats, without auto-resolving.

This achievement has no serious references.

Centurion
Fight 100 battles in a single campaign without auto-resolving

A centurion was the officer in charge of a Roman century consisting of 80 soldiers and 20 non-combat personnel. It also references the required number of battles won without auto-resolving (100).

Decurion
Fight 10 battles in a single campaign without auto-resolving.

A decurion was one of the three officers in charge of a Roman turma which consisted of 30 cavalrymen. Not to be confused with "Decanus", the leader of a 10-man Roman contubernium consisting of 8 infantrymen and 2 support personnel. The achievement also references the required number of battles won without auto-resolving (10).

Optio
Fight a battle from the campaign map without auto-resolving.

An optio was a centurion's second-in-command. While the centurion led from the front, the optio led from the back.

Alae
Win a campaign battle, using only cavalry units, without auto-resolving.

Roman Alae (English: Wings) during the Roman Principate were cavalry units of the army. During the Roman Republic, alae were formations that consisted of both infantry and cavalry, though there were more cavalrymen than infantrymen.

Mare Nostrum
Win 25 or more naval battles in a single campaign game.

"Mare nostrum" (Our sea) was a term that possibly implied Roman dominance of the Mediterranean sea. This is useful for describing the player's dominance over the seas, having won so many naval engagements.

Balanced Force
Win a campaign battle using one of every class of land unit: melee infantry, missile infantry, missile cavalry, melee cavalry, siege weapons.

This achievement has no serious references.

Carthago Delenda Est
As Rome, destroy the Carthaginian faction.

Roman politician and historian Marcus Porcius Cato, also known as Cato the Elder, was famous for always ending his speeches with this phrase, which is Latin for "Carthage must be destroyed".

Legio Victrix
Attain the maximum rank with an army or navy during a campaign game.

"Legio Victrix" means "conquering/victorious legion" and nicely describes an army that has reached the highest rank through experience.

Hoist the Colours!
Complete a campaign as the Ardiaei

This achievement has no serious references.

Baktria to the Future
Complete a campaign as Baktria.

Play on the phrase "Back to the future".

Getae In!
Complete a campaign as the Getae.

Play on the phrase "Get in".

We Can't Axe for More
Complete a campaign as the Massagetae.

Play on the phrase "We can't ask for more"; also references the fact that the battle-axe was one of the weapons used by the Massagetae.

Thrace for Impact
Complete a campaign as the Odrysian Kingdom.

Play on the phrase "Brace for impact"; also references the fact that the Odrysian Kingdom was Thracian.

Put On Your Red Light
Complete a campaign as the Roxolani.

This could possibly, but not certainly, be a reference to the intepretation of the name Roxolani (rox- "light, luminous, shining", attached to their tribal name) as "shining Alans".

My Kingdom for a Horse
Complete a campaign as Royal Scythia.

Based on the famous Shakespearean quote "My kingdom for a horse", referencing Richard's loss of his horse and his extreme frustration. This also references the nomadic nature of Royal Scythia and its natural proficiency in horsemanship.

Megas Basileus
Complete a campaign as the Seleucid Empire.

"Megas Basileus" translates as "Great King", and references the Seleucid Empire's status as an Eastern Hellenistic empire - Megas Basileus and Shahanshah (A title adopted by Eastern monarchs) are thought to reference the same concept.

Comontorios Eternal
Complete a campaign as Tylis.

Comontorius was the founder of Tylis.

Phalanx But No Thanks.
Win the Battle of Pydna on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of Pydna was the climax of the Third Macedonian War fought between Rome and Macedon. The achievement is a possible play on the phrase "Thanks but no thanks" and refers to the Macedonian style of fighting, which employs rigid blocks of pikemen known as a phalanx (specifically a Sarissa phalanx).

Greatest Armenia
Complete the Grand Campaign as Armenia.

This achievement has no serious references.

Princeps Civitatis
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Octavian's Rome.

Gaius Octavius, also known as Octavian and later as Augustus, was the first to adopt the title of the First Citizen "Princeps civitatis" of Rome.

A Plain, Blunt Man
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Antony's Rome.

This achievement has no serious references.

Tigranes Magnus
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Armenia.

Tigranes the Great was an Armenian king who ruled Armenia when it was at its strongest.

Champions of Zalmoxis
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Dacia.

Zalmoxis was a god worshipped by the Dacians and the Getae.

Glory of the Father
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Egypt.

This achievement has no serious references.

No More the Fool
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Lepidus's Rome.

This could possibly be a reference that Marcus Aemilus Lepidus, one of the members of the Second Triumvirate, had his possessions divided up between the other triumvirs Octavian and Marc Antony behind his back, and was formally expelled from the triumvirate by Octavian for personal gain.

Bellum Germanicum
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as the Marcomanni.

Bellum Germanicum means (the) Germanic Wars and this achievement references the Marcomannic Wars, in which its namesake tribe played a key part.

King of Kings
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Parthia.

This could possibly reference the title "King of Kings" adopted by eastern monarchs and is commonly considered an equivalent to "Emperor". Parthia is an eastern state and would have adopted this title.

Pompeius Magnus
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Pompey's Rome.

Magnus was a title bestowed upon Gnaeus Pompey during Sulla's civil war. The achievement could possibly highlight the rise of Sextus Pompey, one of the sons of Gnaeus Pompey and the faction leader of Pompey's Rome, to greatness once again.

Andraste's Way or the Highway!
Complete the Imperator Augustus campaign as Iceni.

Andraste was an Icenic war goddess, and the achievement itself is a play on the phrase "my way or the highway".

Conquer Fear
Win a battle with nightmare mode enabled.

This achievement has no serious references.

"No, I'm Spartacus!"
Complete a campaign as Cimmeria.

Spartocus I was the founder and first ruler of the Spartocid dynasty of the Bosporan Kingdom (known in-game as the faction Cimmeria).

A Colchis Goodbye
Complete a campaign as Colchis.

This achievement has no serious references.

A Trip Around the Earth
Complete a campaign as Massilia.

This could reference the journeys of Pytheas I of Massalia, who travelled to northwestern Europe, the Arctic, and the polar ices.

Reference pointed out by Quin_BNK

Pergamon Champion
Complete a campaign as Pergamon.

This achievement has no serious references.

A Relic of the Past
Declare war on a faction in Single player or Multiplayer Campaign during MWNL2, between 00:01GMT on 12/02/2015 to 23:59 GMT on 15/02/2015.

Company of Zeroes, more like...
Win a single battle during MWNL2 (any battle type in single player campaign, or multiplayer campaign), between 00:01GMT on 12/02/2015 to 23:59 GMT on 15/02/2015.

These two achievements were obtained during the Make War Not Love 2 event.

Make War, Not Love
Win at least one battle (any battle type in single player campaign, or multiplayer campaign) on 14/02/2015, Valentine’s Day.
The achievement was obtained during Valentine's Day in 2015.

Bello Gallico
Complete the entire Caesar in Gaul campaign.

Bello Gallico (shortened form of Commentarii de Bello Gallico) is Latin for (Commentaries on) the Gallic War, which is Caesar's own account of the Gallic Wars.

The Gallic War
Win the Battle of Alesia on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of Alesia was the climax of the Gallic Wars which saw Vercingetorix lead his besieged force and a relief army against Gaius Julius Caesar's besieging army.

That's my Boii
Complete a campaign as the Boii.

Play on the phrase "That's my boy". The generally agreed-upon pronunciation for "Boii" is "bow-ee".

Anatolia Not to Come
Complete a campaign as the Galatians.

Anatolia is the region where the Galatians settled.

Struck a Nervii
Complete a campaign as the Nervii.

Play on the phrase "Struck a nerve".

The Punic War
Win the Battle of Zama on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of Zama was the climax of the Second Punic War and pitted Rome, led by Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, against Carthage, led by Hannibal Barca.

Pincer Movement
Win the Battle of Cannae on normal difficulty or higher.

The Battle of Cannae was a battle that took place during the Second Punic War and saw the crushing defeat of a Roman army. The achievement is a reference to the pincer movement employed by Hannibal that led to his decisive victory at Cannae.

Arevaci Ascendant
Complete the Hannibal at the Gates campaign as the Arevaci.

This achievement has no serious references.

Ba'al-Hammon Be Praised
Complete the Hannibal at the Gates campaign as Carthage.

Ba'al-Hammon was the chief god of Carthage.

In The Name of Cariociecus
Complete the Hannibal at the Gates campaign as the Lusitani.

Cariociecus was the Iberian god of War; the Lusitani were an Iberian (tribe.

Africanus
Complete the Hannibal at the Gates campaign as Rome.

Publius Cornelius Scipio, the Roman general who defeated Hannibal Barca at the Battle of Zama and ended the Second Punic War, was awarded the agnomen of "Africanus" to honour his achievements.

Get Heiro, Baby
Complete the Hannibal at the Gates campaign as Syracuse.

The achievement could possibly be a reference to Hiero II of Syracuse.

Celtiberia Victorious
Complete a campaign as the Arevaci.

The achievement could be referencing the Arevaci as a Celtiberian tribe.

Fast & Lusitani
Complete a campaign as the Lusitani.

This achievement has no serious references.

Tyrannus
Complete a campaign as Syracuse.
This could reference the fact that Syracuse was ruled by a long line of tyrants.

The Golden Age
Complete the Wrath of Sparta campaign as Athenai.

This is a reference to Athens during its peak, its "Golden Age".

Where Ares Dances
Complete the Wrath of Sparta campaign as the Boiotian League.

Ares is the Greek god of War; Plutarch also writes that Boeotia was described as "the dancing-floor of Ares"

Heart & Soul
Complete the Weath of Sparta campaign as Korinthos.

This achievement has no serious references.

Spartan Supremacy
Complete the Wrath of Sparta campaign as Sparta.

This is a reference to the outcome of the Peloponnesian War, which is the setting of the Wrath of Sparta DLC. After the Peloponnesian War, Sparta rose to become the dominant power in Greece, hence "Spartan Supremacy".

Horse Called "War"
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Alani.

Unity is Power
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as Armenia.

There Can Be Only One
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Caledoni.

The Great Pretender
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as Gallic Rome.

Romanus Maximus
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Gothi.

Unite the Tribes
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Marcomanni.

Queen of the Orient
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as Palmyra.

Restitutor Orbis
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as Rome.

King of All Kings
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Sassanid Empire.

Winds of Change
Complete the Empire Divided campaign as the Saxoni.

Mr. Super Clean
Complete the Empire Divided campaign without allowing an outbreak of Plague in one of the regions you control.

Loremaster
Complete the heroic event chains for all five heroic factions (Rome, Gallic Rome, Palmyra, the Gothi and the Sassanids).

Asking for Trouble
Survive 100 banditry events in the Empire Divided campaign.

Almost Famous
Win a campaign without ever reforming to the Empire government type.

Unitas in Varitete
Upgrade all three cults to their maximum level in a single region during the Empire Divided campaign.

Of Gold and Gods
Complete a campaign as Kush.

This is a possible reference to the extensive trade routes established by the Kush Empire.

Sacred Petra
Complete a campaign as Nabataea.

This could be a reference to the capital city of Nabataea, Petra.

Rise of Numidia
Complete a campaign as Masaesyli.

This could reference the role of the player as they bring Numidia, the western part of which the Masaesyli reside, to power.

The Spice Must Flow
Complete a campaign as Saba.

Possible reference to the success of the kingdom of Saba through trade along the Incense Routes.

Mater Patriae
Complete a campaign with a female faction leader.

"Mater Patriae" translates as "Mother of the Country/Homeland".

Warrior Queen of the Iceni
Win a battle with Boudica.

Boudica was a queen of the British Iceni best known for her revolt against Roman rule.

Insubredination
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as the Insubres.

This is a play on the term "Insubordination".

The Tower of Power
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as the Iolei.

The Iolei were part of a civilisation known as the Nuragic civilisation. The term "Nuragic" refers to the civilisation's most characteristic monument, the nuraghe, which is a type of tower fortress.

Second Founder of Rome
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as Rome.

This achievement could reference Marcus Furius Camillus, hailed as the Second Founder of Rome after he supposedly returned to Rome during Brennus' sack of Rome in 390 BC and defeated the Gauls.

Linen Legionnaire
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as the Samnites.

This is a reference to an old Samnite practice used for the selection and oath-taking of the strongest Samnites. A priest would recite a sacrificial ceremony from an old linen book, in a square fenced off and covered with linen cloth - these warriors formed the Linen Legion.

Gallia Italiana
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as the Senones.

This achievement has no serious references.

Make Syracuse Great Again
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as Syracuse.

This achievement has no serious references.

Polymath
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as Taras.

This could possibly reference the fact that Greeks were people who placed heavy emphasis on learning (A polymath is a person with a lot of knowledge).

Tomb Maker
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as Tarchuna.

This achievement could possibly reference the fact that most of the known facts about Etruscan civilisations come from tombs and burial sites.

My Kingdom for a Horse
Complete the Rise of the Republic campaign as the Veneti.

Based on the famous Shakespearean quote "My kingdom for a horse", referencing Richard's loss of his horse and his extreme frustration. This also references the faction strength of the Veneti, which places emphasis on horses and cavalry.

Conquered Carthage Before it was Cool.
Capture the city of Carthage in the Rise of the Republic Campaign.

This achievement is a humorous gesture to the idea that Rome was always hell bent on destroying Carthage from the start (popularised by Cato's Carthago Delenda Est. When the Roman Republic first rose in 509 BC it did not immediately head off to war with Carthage; that only happened roughly 250 years later.

Etruscan Megapolis
Develop all buildings in the Etruscan capital to level 6.

This achievement has no serious references.

Warring States
Help either Sparta, Corinth, or Athens to win the War.

This could reference the endemic infighting between Greek city-states.

Rome in Flames
Win both campaign battles in Rise of the Republic, and capture Rome as a non-Roman faction.

This achievement has no serious references.

Old School Republic
Have a general that has been both a consul and dictator.

This could be a possible nod towards the late Roman Republic which saw itself weakened by ambitious dictators such as Sulla and Caesar.

Great Dynasty
Expand your family to include 100 characters.

This achievement has no serious references.

Bloody Murder
Kill or wound 300 characters with Champion actions.

This achievement has no serious references.

Scythian Legend
Acquire the "Plough and Yoke", "Axe", and "Bowl" skills with a single character.

This achievement has no serious references.